Hyperpigmentation
Hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition characterized by darkened patches or spots on the skin. These areas appear darker than the surrounding skin due to an excess production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Hyperpigmentation can occur on any part of the body and affect people of all skin types, though it's often more noticeable on those with darker skin tones.
Causes
Hyperpigmentation can be triggered by a variety of factors. Sun exposure is a primary cause, as UV rays stimulate melanin production as a protective response. Hormonal changes, such as those during pregnancy or from birth control pills, can lead to melasma. Inflammation from skin injuries, acne, or other skin conditions can result in post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Certain medications may increase melanin production as a side effect. Genetics play a role, with some individuals being more predisposed to hyperpigmentation. Age is also a factor, as years of sun exposure can lead to age spots. Finally, skin type influences susceptibility, with darker skin types being more prone to hyperpigmentation.
